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91.
将幸福河概念与长江三角洲区域一体化发展战略相结合,基于自然、人类社会、人水关系3个系统构建了包含24个指标的长三角幸福河层次评价指标体系;引入需求层次理论,以基础Ⅰ层次、基础Ⅱ层次、提升Ⅰ层次、提升Ⅱ层次、幸福层次5个层次作为幸福河的层次评价等级,运用熵权物元模型,建立了长三角幸福河层次评价模型,并对2018年长三角三省一市幸福河层次等级进行了评价。结果表明,三省一市均处于转化中的中间状态,其中江苏省向提升Ⅰ层次转化,浙江省、安徽省向提升Ⅱ层次转化,上海市向幸福层次转化,说明区域整体幸福河层次处于较高水平,但稳定性较差。 相似文献
92.
首先对EPC项目及基于供应链理念的物资采购模式进行简要概述,并对比此模式与传统采购模式的区别,得出此模式的优越性;然后阐述了此模式在我国EPC项目管理中的内涵及特征;最后分析了此模式在实际应用中的现状及存在的问题,并提出了相关的优化策略. 相似文献
93.
Yuanzhi Jiang Yangyang Shi Rui Li Feng Hang Jianxin Zhao Hao Zhang Wei Chen 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2021,56(9):4690-4699
Lactobacillus plantarum proliferates inefficiently in milk, mainly because of its lack of cell envelope proteases and its inability to hydrolyse proteins in milk. Our previous study showed that this strain could grow well in milk with the addition of oat and malt extracts. To investigate the usage and preference for polypeptides and oligopeptides for this strain, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), plate counting and other methods were used in this study. The results showed that proteins in fermented milk cannot be absorbed and utilised by L. plantarum, whereas polypeptides and oligopeptides provide available nitrogen sources for their growth. Short-chain peptides were more conducive to absorption and utilisation than long-chain peptides. In particular, peptides with molecular weights in the range of 200–1400 Da in the oat extract and 100–700 Da in the malt extract were preferentially absorbed and utilised. 相似文献
94.
Three Brønsted acidic imidazole dicationic ionic liquids (ILs) with different length of alkyl chains, [Cn(Mim)2][HSO4]2 (n = 3, 6, 12), were prepared and used as catalyst for the esterification reaction of free fatty acids and methanol. Taking oleic acid as model acid, the catalytic performances of the synthesized ILs for the esterification were evaluated. The main physicochemical properties of the ILs, thermal stability, acidity, solubility in common solvents, and causticity on Austenitic stainless steel 316, were examined. [C3(Mim)2][HSO4]2 demonstrated the highest catalytic activity and enabled to assess the preliminary optimum esterification condition of oleic acid and methanol. Under optimized reaction conditions, the yield of oleic acid methyl ester was up to 95 %. The ILs have great potential as catalysts for producing fatty acid methyl esters from long‐chain free fatty acids. 相似文献
95.
Kun Luan Jianjun Liu Baozhong Sun Wei Zhang Jianbao Hu Xiaomeng Fang Chen Ming Erhong Song 《Ceramics International》2019,45(6):6812-6818
Carbon fiber reinforced ceramic owns the properties of lightweight, high fracture toughness, excellent shock resistance, and thus overcomes ceramic's brittleness. The researches on the advanced structure of astronautics, marine have exclusively evaluated the quasi-static mechanical response of carbon fiber reinforced ceramics, while few investigations are available in the open literature regarding elastodynamics. This paper reports the dynamic compressive responses of a carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (Cf/SiC) composite (CFCMC) tested by the material test system 801 machine (MTS) and the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). These tests were to determine the rate dependent compression response and high strain rate failure mechanism of the Cf/SiC composite in in-plane and out-plane directions. The in-plane compressive strain rates are from 0.001 to 2200?s?1, and that of the out-plane direction are from 0.001 to 2400?s?1. The compressive stress-strain curves show the Cf/SiC composite has a property of strain rate sensitivity in both directions while under high strain rate loadings. Its compressive stiffness, compressive stress, and corresponding strain are also strain rate sensitive. The compressive damage morphologies after high strain rate impacting show different failure modes for each loading direction. This study provides knowledge about elastodynamics of fiber-reinforced ceramics and extends their design criterion with a reliable evaluation while applying in the scenario of loading high strain rate. 相似文献
96.
97.
Wei Lai Lihong Ge Huaming Li Yilin Deng Bin Xu Bo Ouyang Erjun Kan 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(53):26861-26872
The electrochemical water splitting to produce H2 in high efficiency with earth-abundant-metal catalysts remains a challenge. Here, we describe a simple “cyclic voltammetry + ageing” protocol at room temperature to activate Ni electrode (AC-Ni/NF) for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), by which Ni/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure is formed at the surface. In situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the gradual growth of Ni/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure during the first 30 min of the aging treatment and combined with polarization measurements, it suggests a positive relation between the Ni/Ni(OH)2 amount and HER performance of the electrode. The obtained AC-Ni/NF catalyst, with plentiful Ni–Ni(OH)2 interfaces, exhibits remarkable performance towards HER, with the low overpotential of only 30 mV at a H2-evolving current density of 10 mA/cm2 and 153 mV at 100 mA/cm2, as well as a small Tafel slope of 46.8 mV/dec in 1 M KOH electrolyte at ambient temperature. The excellent HER performance of the AC-Ni/NF could be maintained for at least 24 h without obvious decay. Ex situ experiments and in situ electrochemical-Raman spectroscopy along with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that Ni/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure, although partially reduced, can still persist during HER catalysis and it is the Ni–Ni(OH)2 interface reducing the energy barrier of H1 adsorption thus promoting the HER performance. 相似文献
98.
Shun Wang Xiao-Yu Ma Ya-Li Wang Su-Ping Cui Zuo-Ren Nie Qun-Yan Li Qi Wei 《Ceramics International》2019,45(5):5932-5940
Silica is a main component of cordierite ceramic, in the present work, industrial solid waste was used as main silica source to prepare porous planar cordierite membranes by a solid-phase sintering process with starch as pore-forming agent. It is shown that the concentration of starch plays a critical role in the pore structure and mechanical property and the cordierite membranes with a starch concentration of 40?wt% (M-40) have a desirable pore structure and flexural strength after sintering at 1300?°C for 5?h. After grafted with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (FAS, C8), the ceramic membranes were used for desalination by vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). The results show that the membranes(M-40) possess an average flux of 11.43?kg/m2 h, a high salt rejection of 99.9% under the following operation conditions: a NaCl concentration of 3.5?wt%, a feed rate of 300?ml/min and a temperature of 80?°C. After desalination for 120?h, the water contact angle decreases to 130°. The cordierite membranes exhibit poor resistance to thermal acid/alkali solution(boiling, pH?=?1 and 14, respectively, soaked for 8?h) but excellent resistance to ambient temperature acid/alkali solution (25?°C, pH?=?1 and 14, respectively, soaked for 120?h). 相似文献
99.
In this article, isocyanate was adopted to modify Y2O3 powder for the purpose of preparing transparent Y2O3 ceramics via gel casting. The modification could enhance the hydration resistance of Y2O3 powder through the steric hindrance effect. The coating mechanism can be proved by the infrared spectrum of the surface-modified Y2O3 powder. Modification could not only prevent Y2O3 particles from reacting with water, but also prevents agglomeration between particles. The viscosity of the slurry with a solid content of 52.7 vol% is only 0.48 Pa·s at the shear rate of 100 s−1, which is suitable for preparing high-density compacts by gel casting. The transmittance of the sample (1840°C × 8 h, 1 mm thickness) at 1100 nm reaches 75%. The microstructure of the sintered body is dense with the average grain size of 6.5 μm without obvious impurities nor pores. Five mol% ZrO2-doped Y2O3 transparent ceramic fairing with the diameter of 5 cm without defects was successfully fabricated by gel casting (52.7 vol% solid volume) and vacuum sintering (1840°C × 8 h). 相似文献
100.
Di An Wei Liu Zhipeng Xie Hezhen Li Xudong Luo Haidong Wu Meipeng Huang Jianwei Liang Zhuo Tian Rongxuan He 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(5):2263-2271
In this study, we developed a unique defect healing method for 3D printed ceramic compact via cold isostatic pressing (CIP) after debinding, and typical features of interlayer interface defects of 3D-printed zirconia compact were characterized and found to be reduced significantly. The characteristic sintering kinetics window and microstructure evolution of the healed sintered bodies were systematically investigated, which was found to be quite different from conventional shaping methods. The three sintering stages are probed by their feature microstructure details such as the mechanically flattening surface at the early sintering stage, the heterogeneous microstructure and high porosity in the interlayer interface region at the middle stage, and the slightly ripple-like structural features combined with the healed interlayer defects at the final stage. The evolution of the pore structure of the healed 3D printed bodies were traced and the mechanical properties such as the Young's modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness were measured to understand the significance of the heal effect. 相似文献